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Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 induces antibodies that reduce the risk of severe disease.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by the absence of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors, remains one of the most aggressive breast cancer subtypes, with limited therapeutic options and a high relapse rate. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise by leveraging TNBC’s immunogenic profile, their use is often accompanied by significant toxicity, necessitating the development of safer immunomodulatory strategies. 

Identification of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection typically relies on serology, yet T-cells play a key role in the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2. 

Extensive defects in long bones, resulting from trauma, disease, or other etiologies, impose significant morbidity on patients and may necessitate amputation, long-term disability, or premature mortality. 

Mucosal immunity plays a pivotal role in preventing infections with SARS-CoV-2. While COVID-19 mRNA vaccines induce robust systemic immune responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), little is known about their efficacy in the mucosal immune compartment.

CD4⁺ T cells are crucial in shaping response and resistance to immunotherapy. To enhance our understanding of their multifaceted functions, we developed copper-64–radiolabeled nanobodies targeting the human CD4 receptor (⁶⁴Cu-CD4-Nb1) for positron emission tomography (PET). In human CD4-receptor knock-in mice, ⁶⁴Cu-CD4-Nb1 specifically accumulated in different orthotopic tumors, correlating with histological CD4⁺ cell densities.